Not too long ago OCLC rolled out a new OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) of sorts. This new tool known as WorldCat Local offers a three tiered display of cataloged search records, first from the local library, then the local consortia, and finally from the whole WorldCat. Including material continuously added to WorldCat.org, this new tool allows access to books, periodicals, individual articles, government reports, medical scholarship and educational material.

This three tiered approach will greatly increase the material that libraries can make available to their patrons. Now a patron can technically access holdings for the material they want, literally, from all participating libraries in the country. They can then easily request this material through interlibrary lending (ILL), usually for free.

For libraries this new tool will provide a personalized interface, it will allow for integration of WorldCat Local with their circulation records, and will permit inclusion of licensed full-text collections. Three major OPAC vendors (Innovative Interfaces, SirsiDynix and Ex Libris Voyager) are also being worked with to make WorldCat Local interoperable with their systems. Once this merger is achieved, the systems will allow for integration of services like ILL, and accessing certain online resources. In the future WorldCat Local hopes to also integrate a number of social networking services.

In an era where libraries and librarians grapple with new users who are more comfortable seeking information on Google than through an OPAC, and given that the traditional OPAC mainly retrieves books, a system like this one that can present a simple interface and that can aggregate information from so many different sources and in a variety of formats can really begin a trend of seamless and thorough searching.

The initial test runs included four universities, four public, two high school libraries, one state and one museum library. In the future libraries wanting to use WorldCat Local must have their holdings cataloged in WorldCat. The University of Washington was one of the institutions that first pilot-tested WorldCat Local, they have since made it their official OPAC. You can take a look at it through the library’s main page.

You can read an article on this from InfoToday.

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The Russian government aims to convert all school computers to Linux by 2009. The change is an effort to cut cost from licensing fees. Apparently, since Russian became a member of the WTO it felt compelled to abide by the law and stop using illegal copies of Microsoft software.

The change is being done gradually. Initially three regions will switch to Linux, while other regions will have the options of installing it as a second operating system. During the switch there will be an increase in expenses due to training for teachers and other school personnel who will need to learn how to use Linux before they can teach students how to use it, but afterwards schools will likely save millions.

In the long-run, officials believe that students who are trained to use Linux will have no problem adapting to other systems. Linux products are often very similar to their Microsoft counterparts. A number of Russian universities have also made the switch.

Russia is not the only government taking a serious look at Linux. Brazil is also embracing Linux. President Da Silva has been encouraging the usage of Linux for a couple of years now, and all government computers are gradually making the switch. Bitway Computadores, EnebledPeople, and Imtech, three Brazilian companies are currently working to provide the federal government with Linux-powered desktops.

I think slowly but surely many more around the world will also embrace open source software.

You can read more about the Russian initiative in an article by the BBC.

Image info here.

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Open Library is a new project starting out in San Francisco, CA, but global in scope. It aims at creating a single database for all book ever published! This massive project expects to function in wiki format and hopes to gather help from enthusiast all around the globe, much like Wikipedia has done in recent years. They are part of the Open Content Alliance.

The projects wishes to be complete open and free, allowing contributors to create and alter book records as the database grows. The final project will provide a form of authority page for each book, and will allow user to link back to this database as a reference, instead of having to link back to a corporate site.

The project is also working on getting libraries around the world to share their catalogs with them, although some, like the British Library are a little skeptical of the project, and therefore hesitant to release their catalog. The British Library in particular is nervous that the project might eventually become commercial; Right now the project receives most of their funding from the Internet Archive, but in the future they will be more reliant on donations, and a percentage of sales they help direct to book sellers. Google is also weary of this project, since basically both aim at gathering the same information, except Google doesn’t want to make it freely available.

As the project develops, the aim is to provide, searchable, digital copies of complete books, and in as much as copyright allows you might be able to download a complete copy or send it to a third party for printing. There is also the ability link to other project that can provide more information, such as Project Gutenberg to digitize cultural works. These digital copies will also help preserve intellectual content, if not physical books for the future.

You can read more about this project in an article from the BBC. Find out more about The Open Library project through the table of content of their website. You can also see a little presentation of what happens behind the scenes when digitizing book, along with a detailed explanation of the project.

You can view some of there demo projects, including The Koran, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, and Harry Potter.

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Later this year the project to create an Encyclopedia of Life will pick up speed for this ambitious project. The encyclopedia was first proposed by scientist E.O. Wilson who wished to see a type of “one stop shop” for information on the natural sciences; it’s aim is to be the next step up from an earlier project from the University of Arizona called the Tree of Life Web Project. With an initial founding of $12.5 million from the MacArthur Foundation, and the Sloan Foundation, yesterday the beginnings of this encyclopedia were formally revealed to the public. (The completed project is expected to cost $100 million, and take 10 years to complete.)

The idea is to collaborate with all the libraries and repositories in the world who gather information on the natural sciences and aggregate all this information in one location. Yet, as so many individuals have access to post their own material on the web, researchers are working on creating a new software program called “bots” that will trawl the web for further relevant information. The information found in this manner is to then be corroborated by scientist before linking or posting it to the encyclopedia.

A million books and 250,000 research papers from the Natural History Museum in Chicago will be available through the encyclopedia, with much more to come. And while the initial projection is just to gather existing information, the project’s leaders realize that todays technology allows for great collaboration. They realize that just anyone who gets a good picture while on a nature walk, or while bird watching will want to share their discoveries and the encyclopedia will allow for this as well. They also foresee a lot of comparative research to arise for the site.

As it stands, the Encyclopedia of Life has a few sample pages up which show the structure of what is to come. The idea is that every species will get it’s own page, including common and scientific name, type, an image, location, explanation, and even videos where applicable. Each page will also give credit to the creator and will provide sources and expert references. The project is starting off with the bigger species, and leaving amoebas and the like, that can’t always be so clearly defined into species for later on.

The encyclopedia also wishes to be free and in doing so is part of the Linking Open Data Project, which aims at making data available to everyone. There is more on this collaboration at AI3 (Adaptive Information, Adaptive Innovation, Adaptive Infrastructure).

The Guardian has an article about this project today. Boston.com had another article a few days ago.

26.02.08 – On Thursday the Encyclopedia of Life released the first 30,000 pages of information, with an expectation of close to 2 million more to come. Much of the initial information available here has been gathered through software designed to search the web for content. There is an emphasis on species that much is known about such as amphibians, fish and plants. You can read about this in a NYT article here, and from a BBC article here.

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Just a couple of weeks after the incidents at Virginia Tech, the university’s Center for Digital Discourse and Culture (CDDC) with help from George Mason University’s Center for History of New Media (CHNM) have created the April 16 Archive, an electronic archive to share and preserve related information in digital format. Their press release announces that people from around the world are encourage to look at the site and contribute as desired.

This site has been created using technologies previously used in projects such as The September 11 Digital Archive, Mozilla Digital Memory Bank, and the Hurricane Digital Memory Bank (full list of projects). These technologies arose from the CHNM, and have been created to democratize history by including a wide variety of voices to the narrative that will eventually make it to posterity. Among the tools that you can access for free to create a similar site, are tools to build a web scrapbook, create polls, and others to help you keep track of the websites you’ve visited for citation purposes. There are also other tools specifically designed for historians, which include help with understanding history preservation in digital format, blogs, and wikis. All of these tools can be used for free (I assume they are based on opensource software, but I can’t find anything on their website that clearly states this).

All of these digital banks clearly show just how technology has evolved to allow us to witness history as it is unfolding. They also help diversify accounts, including the voices of literally anyone, not just those in power. It’s a perfect example of Wed 2.0.

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A Semacode is a machine-readable, Data Matrix symbol which encodes URLs; basically it’s a barcode for web locations. The idea is to create one of these labels which looks like a complicated crossword puzzle, and through it you can be connected to a URL which will provide you with more information on the object that the semacode is pasted to. Currently they are being used through cellphone with cameras, and full internet capabilities, although you do need to download additional software for this. (A draw back seems to be that this technology only works with a handful of cellphone operating systems.) The idea is to be able to get more information of whatever you are looking at on the spot.

The company in Canada that created these tags says on their website that the tags can be used without restrictions, and that the software used to produce them is free of charge and available for non-commercial use. This technology is currently licensed under the GNU General Public License.

Currently one of the bigger projects using this technology is Semapedia which aims at bringing the vast content available on Wikipedia to the real world. Semapedia is a community project and anyone can create semapedia tags, print them, and begin hyperlinking objects they believe other’s might want more information about. Another project using semacodes is the eRuv. This project along Manhattan’s Third Ave attempts to use semacodes to explain the area’s history; Third Ave marks a boundary for a Hasidic community in the old Lower East Side.

You can learn more about semacodes from an article in Wired, another in Tangent Mobile, and through Wikipedia, ofcourse. And here are some pictures of semacodes in Flickr.

Image info here.

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At the same lecture that I attended earlier this week I learned about the Cook Memorial Library in Tamworth, NH. This small public library has done away with their old static website and have replaced it with a WPopac. A WPopac is something created by Casey Bisson by tweaking WordPress to become an OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog). We got to see the insides of this library’s website and it looks exactly like the insides of this very blog you are reading.

En la misma conferencia que asistí a principios de la semana me escuche varias cosas interesantes sobre la biblioteca Cook Memorial en Tamworth, NH. Esta pequeña biblioteca pública ha eliminado su antigua página web estática y la reemplazó con un WPopac. Un WPopac es algo creado por Casey Bisson, modificando el software de blogs WordPress, convirtiéndolo en un OPAC (Catálogo de Acceso Público en Línea). Bisson nos mostro el interior de este catalogo y se ve exactamente igual que el interior de este blog que está leyendo.

The fascinating concept here is what can be created for free with the Opensource tools that are already available to us. Currently the Cook Memorial Library’s site provides you with just one search box that gives you relevant returns from all of their site, not just the OPAC. The fact that the search box cover the entire site means that if you search for local poet Marnie Cobbs, you will find out not only that the library carries her book titled “The Quiet Rage”, but also that she will be appearing at the library on May 8th. This set up also allows content on the web to be accessible through Google searches and the like.

El lo fascinante es ver lo que se puede crear usando software Opensource, de uso completamente gratis, y disponibles para nosotros. En la actualidad, el sitio web Biblioteca Memorial Cook le proporciona un solo cuadro de búsqueda que le devolverá resultados relevantes de todo su sitio web, no sólo del catalogo. El hecho de que el cuadro de búsqueda logra cubrir todo el sitio web quiere decir que una búsqueda de la poeta Marnie Cobbs le proporcionara no sólo el libro en la biblioteca titulado “The Silente Rage”, pero también le dará información sobre su evento en la biblioteca el 8 de mayo. Esto también permite crear contenidos en el sitio que será accesible a través de búsquedas en Google y otros buscadores.

Like any blog, the site allows collaboration by anyone who wants to contribute their two cents towards what is happening with the library. In relation to this, we heard the story of a man who is home-bound and therefore could not access the library, but now with this interactive site, he is able to participate by posting comments and starting discussions. In this sense the library is no longer just serving their immediate neighbors, but virtually anyone using the web.

Al igual que cualquier blog, el sitio permite la colaboración de cualquier persona que quiera contribuir con lo que está ocurriendo con la biblioteca. En relación con esto, hemos escuchado la historia de un hombre que se no puede salir de su casa y por tanto no puede ir a la biblioteca, pero ahora con este sitio interactivo puede participar enviando comentarios y participando en debates en la página de la biblioteca. En este sentido la biblioteca ya no solo provee servicios a los vecinos inmediatos, sino que incluye prácticamente cualquier usuario de la web.

You can learn more about this project and how it came about at maisonbisson. Bisson is also behind the Beyond Brown Paper project which is also based on WordPress.

Puede obtener más información sobre este proyecto y la forma en que se produjo en maisonbisson. Bisson también está detrás del proyecto “Beyond Brown Paper”, que está también basado en WordPress.

11.14.07 – The Plymouth State University Lamson Library’s OPAC runs on WPopac, now known as Scriblio. You can access the site here.

11.14.07 – El catalogo de la biblioteca de la Universidad Estatal de Plymouth Lamson también está basado en WPopac, ahora conocido como Scriblio. Puede acceder al sitio aquí.

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Earlier this week I attended a lecture that addressed social tagging and its use to libraries. Today more and more libraries and archives are trying to make themselves more visible by creating engaging websites, starting blogs and posting photographs on Flickr. While many of these are started to attract people to the library, it was fascinating to see the information that is coming out of these open spaces.

A principios de esta semana asistí a una charla sobre el uso social de los “tags” y su uso a las bibliotecas. Hoy en día más y más las bibliotecas y los archivos están tratando de ser más visible mediante la creación de sitios web atractivos, el uso de blogs y al publicar fotografías en Flickr. Aunque muchos de estos proyectos empezaron para atraer gente a la biblioteca, es fascinante ver la información que está saliendo de estos espacios abiertos.

Take for example the Beyond Brown Paper site. This is a project based out of Plymouth State University, and it aims to digitize and preserve a photography collection about the paper mills that used to function in the area. The collection contains about 11,000 photographs that are gradually making their way on to their site. The fascinating thing is that the site allows for comments and collaboration, and this has brought new information to the project. Locals who used to work at these mills have seen some of the photographs, and through their comments have started to fill in the information gaps.

Tomemos por ejemplo el sitio de Beyond Brown Paper. Este es un proyecto con sede en Plymouth State University, y su objetivo es digitalizar y preservar una colección de fotografías sobre las fábricas de papel que alguna vez funcionaron en esa área. La colección contiene alrededor de 11.000 fotografías que poco a poco se están subiendo al sitio. Lo fascinante es que el sitio permite comentarios y colaboración y esto ha traído nueva información a este proyecto. La gente local que trabajaban en estas fábricas se han reconocido en algunas de las fotografías y a través de sus comentarios han comenzado a llenar los vacíos de información.

Item # 718 is an image of two men working on some equipment. The subject headings that were initially allocated are “Tightening, Securing lid on digester, Wrenches, Digester, and Burgess Mill.” In early March someone posted a comment giving us more information on what the digester does. Later in the month someone else identified one of the men in the photograph.

El objeto # 718 es una imagen de dos hombres que trabajan con una maquinaria. Las etiquetas que originalmente fueron asignadas son “apretar, asegurando la tapa del digestor, llaves, digestor, y Burgess Mill”. Al principio de marzo alguien envió un comentario que nos da más información sobre lo que es el digestor. El próximo mes alguien más identificado uno de los hombres en la fotografía.

In cataloging, usually the more information we provide the better since it provides more access points to the item. But librarians, archivers and the like don’t know everything, so it’s fascinating that we can get help from the people who lived and experienced the history and documents we are trying to help manage. And while there can be a concern of people volunteering inaccurate information, I think the risk isn’t a serious one. Besides we can always acknowledge where the information came from.

En la catalogación entre mas información se proporcione, mejor, ya que así el objeto tendrá más puntos de acceso. Pero los bibliotecarios, archivadores y demás profesionales del campo no lo sabemos todo así que es fascinante que se pueda obtener ayuda de la gente que ha vivido esta historia y conoce de primera mano los objetos que estamos tratando de identificar. Y mientras aunque de pronto exista alguno pequeño riesgo de que la gente proporcione información incorrecta creo que el riesgo no es grave. Además siempre podemos reconocer de dónde proviene la información.

A similar case was seen on flickr. Here someone posted their pictures of vacation in Newfoundland, which included a close up of a Humpback Whale’s tail. Another person who knew about whales was later able to identify this particular whale as one that scientist had been following under the “name” of HWC#2943, last seen in 1984!

Un caso similar fue visto en Flickr. Aquí alguien publicó fotos de sus vacaciones en Terranova, las cuales incluían un primer plano de la cola de una ballena jorobada. Otra persona que sabía acerca de las ballenas más tarde fue capaz de identificar a esta ballena particular como la ballena que un grupo de científicos había estado siguiendo bajo el nombre de HWC # 2943, y vista por última vez en 1984!

You can learn more about this project and how it came about at maisonbisson. Bisson is also behind the Cook Memorial Library project which is also based on WordPress.

Usted puede aprender más sobre este proyecto y cómo se produjo en maisonbisson. Bisson también está detrás del proyecto Cook Memorial Library, que también está basado en WordPress.

- Photograph used with permission-

- Fotografía utilizada con permiso -

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As mentioned in a previous post, OpenCourseWare is a project which aims at providing high quality educational material on the web for free. Lucifer Chu, a man who became wealthy by creating Chinese translations of fantasy novels, is helping promote MIT courses available through this media, to the Chinese speaking world. To date, Mr. Chu, along with four full-time editors and a number of volunteers have completed translations for 178 courses and are working on about 600 more. CORE, China Open Resources for Education has also contributed to translations with versions in simplified Chinese. Opensource OpenCourseware Prototype System (OOPS) has contributed translations in traditional Chinese.

When MIT decided to join OpenCourseWare, some feared that making their course content available for free on the web would discourage potential students from actually coming to the university and paying tuition. Instead the university has notices that these free courses have served to pique people’s curiosity about what is available at the university, so plenty of students from all around the globe are still enrolling every year.

You can find the NY Times article on the matter here.

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One Laptop per Child (OLPC) is a non-profit organization trying to address the lack of resources many Third World Countries struggle with and how these affect education and hinder technological development. Keeping in mind that many countries can only afford to spend $20 per child per year on education (compared to about $7,500 that the USA spends), OLPC tries to circumvent traditional approaches to the situation, and instead want to make available the tools that can allow children to explore and learn on their own. OLPC feel that efforts should continue to build school and train teachers in the poorest corners of the world, but simultaneously wants to try a more direct approach. The idea is to transform these children with personal laptops into teachers. Each child can explore the world on their machine, and will later be able to teacher elders and other children about what they have learned; in this way the entire community can benefit.

These laptops are designed for use by the world’s poorest children. They run on open source software, keeping in mind that while all children won’t become programmers, they should have the opportunity to continue growing without constrains by their equipment. The machine itself is designed to run on very low power, and some of the earliest models were powered through cranking, or with a foot-pedal. The display must also be sunlight-readable, since most children will be outdoors when working on their laptops. The machine itself is small, light and has a handle for easy carrying. It also has a monitor which rotates, allowing for others to participate.

This program was first designed to involved governments into buying laptops for children, and initial conversations involved proposals for Brazil, Argentina, Libya, Nigeria and Thailand. Recently Uruguay and Rwanda have also joined in. Currently the program continues to grow through donations by individuals, businesses and foundations.

If you want to learn more about the project visit their site and their wiki. You can find information on donating and participating here.

04.03.07 – I just found a webcast by Walter Bender, president of OLPC, discussing this project; you can access it here. There is another webcast by Nicolas P. Negroponte, chairman and co-founder of OLPC,which can be accessed here.

04.17.07 – The OLPC interface runs on a lightweight version of Fedora Linux, called Sugar. You can take a look at it here.

07.15.07 – Intel has just joined forces with OLPC, after creating competition for each other, in trying to offer low cost computers to children in the developing world. Currently there is no talk about changing processing chips, yet the idea is to develop a variety of low cost computers in the future that can function of a variety of platforms. Intel has been producing the Classmate for sale in developing countries at a cost of US $200.00. You can read more about this in an article by the BBC.

07.23.07 – After much anticipation and testing, OLPC is posed to start massive production, explaining that they finally have orders large enough to make the project viable. You can read more about this at an article by the BBC. And here is another article explaining the different components of the laptop and how they work.

06.08.07 – It seems that everyone is in a rush to grab a piece of the computer market in the developing world. Today the BBC has an article about other major computer producers rushing towards this market, although they differ form the OLPC project in that these other companies are out just to make some money. Beijing based Levono has announced a low cost computer that can be plugged into the TV

10.29.30- Uruguay just became the first country to buy a large number of these computers to make available to children 6 – 12. They hope to make these laptops available to every children in the country by 2009. You can read more about this in an article from the BBC.

11.15.07 – “Give One – Get One” has started for the USA and Canada and will run until November 26, 2007. You can order yours here.

One Laptop per Child (OLPC) es una organización sin fines de lucro tratando de resolver la falta de recursos vivida en muchos lugares del Tercer Mundo y cómo estos afectan la educación y obstaculizan el desarrollo tecnológico. Teniendo en cuenta que muchos países sólo pueden gastar $20 por niño por año en educación (en comparación con cerca de 7.500 dólares que EE.UU. gasta), la OLPC intenta sobrepasar los enfoques tradicionales de la situación y en su lugar desea poner a disposición las herramientas que pueden permitir a los niños explorar y aprender por su propia cuenta. OLPC sienten que los esfuerzos deben continuar para construir escuelas y formar maestros en los rincones más pobres del mundo pero a la vez quiere probar un acercamiento más directo. La idea es transformar a estos niños con computadoras portátiles personales en profesores. Cada niño puede explorar el mundo en su máquina y más tarde será capaz de compartir este conocimiento con sus maestros y otros niños, de esta manera toda la comunidad pueda beneficiarse.

Estos portátiles están diseñados para uso con los niños más pobres del mundo. Los computadores funcionan con software de código abierto teniendo en cuenta que si bien no todos los niños se convertirán en programadores, si deben tener la oportunidad de continuar creciendo sin limitaciones por su equipo. La máquina en sí está diseñado para funcionar con una corriente eléctrica muy baja y algunos de los primeros modelos se cargan a través una manivela, o con un pedal. La pantalla también debe ser legible bajo luz solar, ya que la mayoría de los niños estarán al aire libre cuando estén trabaja en sus computadoras portátiles. La máquina en sí es pequeña, ligera y tiene un agarradera para facilitar su transporte. También cuenta con un monitor que rota, lo que permite a otros a participar.

Este programa fue diseñado por primera vez para negociar con gobiernos involucrados en la compra de computadores portátiles para los niños. En la conversaciones iniciales incluían propuestas para la participación de Brasil, Argentina, Libia, Nigeria y Tailandia. Recientemente, Uruguay y Rwanda también se han unido. Actualmente el programa sigue creciendo a través de donaciones de particulares, empresas y fundaciones.

Si desea obtener más información sobre el proyecto visite su sitio web y en su wiki. Puede encontrar información sobre la donación y participar aquí.

04.03.07 – Acabo de encontrar un webcast por Walter Bender, presidente de OLPC, hablando de este proyecto, se puede acceder a él aquí. Hay otro webcast por Nicolas P. Negroponte, presidente y co-fundador de OLPC que se puede acceder aquí.

04.17.07 – La interfaz de OLPC funciona con una versión ligera de Fedora Linux, llamado Sugar. Puede echar un vistazo a aquí.

07.15.07 – Intel ha unido sus fuerzas con OLP, después de hacerse la competencia unos a otros, para tratar de ofrecer ordenadores de bajo costo a los niños en el tercer mundo. Actualmente no se habla sobre el cambio de chips de procesamiento, pero la idea es desarrollar una variedad de computadoras de bajo costo en el futuro que puede funcionar de una variedad de plataformas. Intel ha estado produciendo el Classmate en venta en los países en desarrollo a un costo de EE.UU. $ 200.00. Puede leer más sobre esto en un artículo de la BBC.

07.23.07 – Después de mucha anticipación y las pruebas la OLPC se plantea comenzar la producción masiva, explicando que finalmente tienen órdenes lo suficientemente grande como para hacer viable el proyecto. Puede leer más sobre esto en un artículo de la BBC. Y aquí hay otro artículo que explica los diferentes componentes de la computadora portátil y su funcionamiento.

06.08.07 – Parece que todo el mundo tiene prisa para tomar un pedazo del mercado de las computadoras en el mundo en desarrollo. Hoy la BBC tiene un artículo acerca de otros productores importantes de la computadora guiadas a este mercado, y aunque difieren del proyecto OLPC, en que estas otras empresas simplemente buscan ganar dinero. Levono, basada en Beijin, ha anunciado un equipo de bajo costo que puede ser conectado a la TV

10.29.30-Uruguay acaba de convertirse en el primer país en comprar un gran número de estos equipos para ponerlos a disposición de los niños entre 6 – 12 años. Tienen la esperanza de que estos portátiles estén a disposición de todos los niños en el país antes del 2009. Puede leer más sobre esto en un artículo de la BBC.

11.15.07 – “Give One – Get One” ha comenzado para los EE.UU. y Canadá, y se extenderá hasta el 26 de noviembre 2007. Usted puede pedir el suyo aquí.

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